Cariogenic Bacteria

Mnemonics for Cariogenic Bacteria

"SALiVA"

S-S.mutans, Sanguis, mitis, salivarius
A-A.viscus
L-Lactobacilli
V-Veillonella
A-A.naeslundi



In brief about cariogenic bacteria

• Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacilli are the most common cariogenic bacteria in Coronal Caries.
• Actinomyces viscus is the most common cariogenic bacteria in Root Surface or Smooth Surface Caries.
• Dental Plaque Organism- Streptococcus sanguis found earliest
• Other offenders: Actinomyces naeslundi, Veillonella, Streptococcus salivarious.

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Mnemonics for caries, mnemonics for cariogenic bacteria, mnemonics for dental students, mnemonics for bds, mnemonics for mds, mnemonics for cons, mnemonics for operative dentistry, mnemonics for conservative, mnemonics for endodontics, mnemonics for tooth decay, 

Pit And Fissure Caries

Mnemonics For Criteria For Diagnosis of Pit And Fissure Caries

"FLOSS"


F-Flakiness Of Enamel
L-Loss of Translucency
O-Opacity
S-Stickiness
S-Softening of the base of pit and fissure




In Brief About PIT AND FISSURE CARIES

• 84% of caries in 5-17 years old involved pit and fissure caries
• Dental Sealants are highly effective in prevention of pit and fissure caries.
• Fluoride has its least preventive effect on pit and fissure caries, compared to smooth surface decay.
• Children whose permanent teeth, especially molars, are erupting should be on recall intervals that are short enough to allow the dentist to place sealants on newly erupted molars before the pits and fissures can decay.
• Preventive resin restorations (PRRs) are indicated for small pit-and-fissure lesions that are too large to seal. The dentist should evaluate the extent of caries present when doing a PRR to confirm the diagnosis of active or inactive dentin or enamel caries. For patients who have caries in pits and fissures, the dentist should plan to place sealants in sound or incipient grooves and pits of premolars to remove those sites as reservoirs for bacteria.

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Ethical Principles

Mnemonics for Dental Ethics

"BAN the JV team for being unethical!"

B-Beneficence

A-Patient Autonomy

N-Nonmaleficence

J-Justice

V-Veracity

In Brief,

Beneficence:

• Do good
• Dentist are to render competent and timely care in an effort to benefit the patient

Patient Autonomy

• Self Governance
• Dentists, are to treat patients according to the patient's desire and protect patient's confidentially.

Nonmaleficence

• Do NO HARM
• Dentists, are to keep skills and knowledge up to date and practice within their limits in order to protect the patients from harm.

Justice

• Fairness
• Dentists are to deal justly with patient, colleagues and society

Veracity

• Truthfulness
• Dentists are to be honest and trustworthy, communicating truthfully and without deception.

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Epidermal Layer

Mnemonics For Epidermal Layer

From Innermost to Outermost

"Bad Sprinters Get Leg Cramps"

Basale

Spinosum

Granulosum

Lucidum

Corneum

Drugs Contraindicated In Breast Feeding

Mnemonics for Drugs Contraindicated In Breast Feeding (WITH EXPLANATION)

"BREAST"

B=Bromocryptin,Benzodiazepines
R=Radioactive isotopes/Rizatriptan
E=Ergotamin/Ethosuximide
A=Amiodarone/Amphetamines
S=Stimulant Laxatives/Sex hormones
T=Tetracyclins/Tretinoin

Effect of these drugs, In Brief:
Bromocryptin, which is used to suppress lactation, may induce hypertension.

Benzodiazepines are excreted in the breast milk and may produce lethargy, difficulty in feeding and jaundice. If their administration is unavoidable, the lowest effective, single dose of a short half-life benzodiazepine would be most appropriate

Ergotamine is excreted in breast milk and may cause symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, weak pulse and unstable blood pressure in nursing infants.

Ethosuximide is excreted in human breast milk. Because the effects of ethosuximide on the nursing infant are unknown, caution should be exercised when ethosuximide is administered to a nursing mother. Ethosuximide should be used in nursing mothers only if the benefits clearly outweigh the risks.

Since amiodarone can be expressed in breast milk, women taking amiodarone are advised to stop nursing.

Amphetamine/Dextroamphetamine Extended-Release Capsules are found in breast milk

Tetracycline antibiotics should not be used in breast-feeding mothers because there is still the risk of causing teeth discoloration, enamel hypoplasia, inhibition of linear skeletal growth, oral and vaginal thrush, or photosensitivity reactions in the nursing infant.

Oral tretinoin is teratogenic and fetotoxic

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Levels of Structures passing through the DIAPHRAGM

"Count the number of letters in the word of the structure and you will get the answer"


Aortic hiatus = 12 letters = T12
Oesophagus = 10 letters = T10
Vena cava = 8 letters = T8

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Mnemonics for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) 

"SOAP BRAIN"

S erositis (pleuritis, pericarditis)

O ral ulcers

A rthritis

P hotosensitivity

B lood (all are low - anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia)

R enal (proteinuria)

A NA

I mmunologic (dsDNA, etc.)

N eurologic (e.g. seizures)


In brief about Lupus
Lupus is an autoimmune disease characterized by acute and chronic inflammation of various tissues of the body. Autoimmune diseases are illnesses that occur when the body's tissues are attacked by its own immune system. The immune system is a complex system within the body that is designed to fight infectious agents, such as bacteria and other foreign microbes. One of the ways that the immune system fights infections is by producing antibodies that bind to the microbes. 

People with lupus produce abnormal antibodies in their blood that target tissues within their own body rather than foreign infectious agents. Because the antibodies and accompanying cells of inflammation can affect tissues anywhere in the body, lupus has the potential to affect a variety of areas. Sometimes lupus can cause disease of the skin, heart, lungs, kidneys, joints, and/or nervous system. When only the skin is involved, the condition is called lupus dermatitis or cutaneous lupus erythematosus. A form of lupus dermatitis that can be isolated to the skin, without internal disease, is called discoid lupus. When internal organs are involved, the condition is referred to as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Both discoid and systemic lupus are more common in women than men (about eight times more common). The disease can affect all ages but most commonly begins from 20-45 years of age. Statistics demonstrate that lupus is somewhat more frequent in African Americans and people of Chinese and Japanese descent.

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Anesthesia

Mnemonics for Anesthesia.....

Natural Local Anaesthetic Agent - Cocaine ( Well known by all, But mnemonics is for those, who newly entered into OS Department)
Mnemonics : Conserve Nature - N for Natural C for Cocaine

Safest LA in children - 2 Chloroprocaine

Mnemonics - 

This is the only LA which starts with Numeric "2"

We teach 1,2,3,4.. to children....

C- Children, C for Chloroprocaine

Wilson's Diseases

Mnemonics for Wilson's Disease

"ABCD "

Asterixis

Basal Ganglia Degenration. (parkinson's like symptoms)

Cirrhosis of liver, low Ceruloplasmin, Caiser rings (flescher caiser rings in the eye); Copper deposition in liver and brain,

Dementia

Cycle Of Ameloblast

Mnemonics for Life Cycle of Ameloblast

"My Old Friends Made Program to Delhi"

Six stages

Morphogenic

Organizing

Formative

Maturative

Protective

Desmolytic

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How To Remember Important Days

30 Jan - Anti Leprosy Day
Mnemonics : L for Leprosy And L for Lohri. Lohri festival is celebrated in January.


7 April - World Health Day
Mnemonics :7 oceans of world.
                  7 + 4 = 11
                  7 date, 4th Month.. 11 Resembles H


31 May - No tobacco Day
Mnemonics for Month : MAa will always stop u from all bad habits like Tobacco
Mnemonics for date : 3-1 = 2 i.e we are going BACK from 3 to 2. Back (toBACCo)