Thrombocytosis Causes

MCQ Asked in KLE 2012

"MAKE MAPS"

Myeloproliferatuve disorders (CML or PRV)
Acute hemorrhage
Kawasaki syndrome
Essential thrombocytosis
Malignancy
Acute/chronic inflammation
Post-operative
Splenectomy

Overview About Thrombocytosis

Thrombocytosis is a disease that is caused by the excessive numbers of platelets in blood. The different physiologist refers the platelets counts to be between 150-400 x 109/L. If the platelets exceed from this range then the patient is considered to be suffering from it. There are two types of it: primary and secondary.

Major Causes

The primary causes are still unknown but it usually occurs due to the increase platelets caused by the abnormal cells in the bone narrow. This is also known as essential. Another condition is the genetic mutation and it is inherited disease.

In primary thrombocytosis a patient can have surprise bleeding and blood clotting. 

The secondary thrombocytosis causes are cancer (mostly lung, breast, lymphoma, ovarian and gastrointestinal cancers), iron deficiency i.e. anemia, organ removing surgery, reactions to the medicines and infection or inflammation such as tuberculosis, inflammatory bowel disease and tissues disorders. Patients of secondary thrombocytosis diseases have fewer chances of bleeding and blood clots than primary thrombocytosis

Medication

1. Hydroxyurea: It is mostly prescribed for the primary thrombocytosis patients and it is given under the strict supervision of doctors who are specialized in cancer and other blood diseases. It is also use to treat the cancer and other life threatening diseases.
2. Anagrelide: It is also use to lessen down the platelets in the blood but this medication is not as much effective as Hydroxyurea. And it can cause many side effects like palpitation, heart failure, fluid retention, arrhythmias and headaches.
3. Interferon alfa: Mostly prescribed to the pregnant women who are also suffering from primary.
4. Plateletpheresis: It is a process to lessen down the platelets and mostly adopted in case emergencies.
The patients of secondary thrombocytosis are mostly treated by clearly identifying the root cause of disease and usually do not require medication.

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